physical contour
What is a “computer generation”? Generation “2” and the following
“If the aviation industry had developed as rapidly as the computing industry in the past 25 years, now a Boeing 767 would cost $ 500 and fly around the globe in 20 minutes, spending five gallons of fuel. These figures very accurately reflect the reduction in cost, increase in speed and increase the efficiency of computers. ” Scientific American 1983, No. 8. Second Generation: Transistor-Based Computers When transistors came in place of lamps, it immediately pushed all computer-related technologies. Electricity consumption has sharply decreased, the size of computers has sharply decreased, and speed has increased. Computers from monsters occupying entire floors of buildings turned first into devices the size of a closet, then into a suitcase placed on a table, then into a small box, then they became even smaller. And bugs, instead of cockroaches burnt on the contacts, turned into software errors. Continue reading
What is Rear Admiral Grace Hopper famous for?
Grace Hopper was an excellent mathematician and one of the first “encoders”, so-called programmers. In the mid-twentieth century, she, as an officer of the US Navy, like everyone who was “close” to computers, worked at Harvard in the department that was engaged in obtaining ballistic tables for artillery tasks.
So Grace Hopper is considered one of the first programmers in the world: she worked on the computer of Mark I, the former, in fact, a giant calculator. The giant Mark I was intended for the computational processes of obtaining artillery ballistic tables, in the already written algorithm, mathematical tasks (modules) of a general nature were provided. Hopper and her colleagues (by the way, there were much more female programmers involved in coding than men) coped with this – they first applied Continue reading
How to get a Turing Award?
The most famous scientific award in the world is undoubtedly the Nobel Prize. It was founded by the famous industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel (Alfred Bernhard Nobel; 1833 – 1896). The prize has been awarded since 1901 for outstanding achievements in the field of natural sciences: physics, chemistry, biology or medicine.
Two more Nobel Prizes are awarded for achievements in the humanitarian fields: for achievements in the field of literature and for the efforts made in the fight against wars on the planet. Starting from 1969, at the same time with the five prizes listed, another one is awarded – for achievements in the field of economics. The money for the fund from which this premium is paid is allocated by the State Bank of Sweden. Therefore, the prize in economics is called not the Nobel Prize, but the Nobel Prize Continue reading
