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What is a “computer generation”? Generation 1: Tube
In our era of multiprocessing and distributed computing, the once seemingly important division of computers into generations has already been forgotten a little. The first generation is tube computers, the second is transistor computers, the third is integrated circuit computers, and the fourth is microprocessor-based computers.
In the beginning there were ferrite rings and electron tubes. The direct access memory, or RAM, which was called RAM (the random access memory, or simply “memory”) as a girl, consisted of ferrite rings. Each ring was stitched with several windings. The write current went along one, the read current on the Continue reading
What is Rear Admiral Grace Hopper famous for?
Grace Hopper was an excellent mathematician and one of the first “encoders”, so-called programmers. In the mid-twentieth century, she, as an officer of the US Navy, like everyone who was “close” to computers, worked at Harvard in the department that was engaged in obtaining ballistic tables for artillery tasks.
So Grace Hopper is considered one of the first programmers in the world: she worked on the computer of Mark I, the former, in fact, a giant calculator. The giant Mark I was intended for the computational processes of obtaining artillery ballistic tables, in the already written algorithm, mathematical tasks (modules) of a general nature were provided. Hopper and her colleagues (by the way, there were much more female programmers involved in coding than men) coped with this – they first applied Continue reading
How does a person control a computer? Present and future
What devices do we use to control computers with? At first there were the tumblers, then the electric typewriters. The technique developed, color video monitors appeared, various new devices appeared that made it possible to control a computer. Color monitors have been very popular since the 1990s for the then latest Windows OS. And at the same time, many devices were invented, invented back in the DOS era and found use after it – in the Windows era. Photo: Depositphotos Computer mouse The mouse was patented in 1970. The author of the “mouse” is California engineer Douglas Engelbard. As a standard computer peripheral, a computer mouse began to act in the Xerox 8010 mini-computer, and it cost then, if you translate it into modern money, no less than $ 1,000! As time went on, technology improved, the Apple mouse in 1983 already began to cost only $ 25, and when the world began to take over the Continue reading
